{"id":3154,"date":"2026-11-07T09:48:57","date_gmt":"2026-11-07T01:48:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/?p=3154"},"modified":"2026-11-07T10:01:48","modified_gmt":"2026-11-07T02:01:48","slug":"centos-7-%e4%b8%8a-fail2ban-%e9%98%b2%e6%8a%a4-ssh%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e3%80%8cjail-%e4%b8%8d%e5%8a%a0%e8%bd%bd%e3%80%8d%e5%88%b0%e3%80%8c%e9%80%92%e5%a2%9e%e5%b0%81%e7%a6%81%e3%80%8d%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/?p=3154","title":{"rendered":"CentOS 7 \u4e0a fail2ban \u9632\u62a4 SSH\uff1a\u4ece\u300cjail \u4e0d\u52a0\u8f7d\u300d\u5230\u300c\u9012\u589e\u5c01\u7981\u300d\u5b8c\u6574\u590d\u76d8"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73af\u5883\uff1aCentOS 7 + fail2ban 0.11.2\uff08EPEL\uff09+ SSH \u6539\u5230 57022 \u7aef\u53e3 + systemd \u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a<code>fail2ban-client status<\/code> \u53ea\u770b\u5230 <code>3x-ipl<\/code>\uff0c<code>status sshd<\/code> \u62a5 <code>Sorry but the jail 'sshd' does not exist<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u4e8b\u6545\u73b0\u573a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6309\u5e38\u89c4\u5199\u6cd5\u628a\u914d\u7f6e\u585e\u8fdb <code>\/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.local<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code> &#91;DEFAULT]\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5c01\u7981\u65f6\u957f\nbantime          = 1h\n\n# \u542f\u7528\u9012\u589e\u5c01\u7981 \nbantime.increment = true\nbantime.factor    = 2\nbantime.maxtime   = 1w\n\n# \u7edf\u8ba1\u7a97\u53e3\nfindtime         = 10m\n\n# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5931\u8d25\u6b21\u6570\nmaxretry         = 1\n\n# systemd\nbackend          = systemd\n\n# \u767d\u540d\u5355\nignoreip         = 127.0.0.1\/8 ::1\n\n&#91;sshd]\nenabled  = true\nport     = 57022\nmaxretry = 1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u540e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemctl enable --now fail2ban\nfail2ban-client restart sshd\n# ERROR NOK: ('sshd',) Sorry but the jail 'sshd' does not exist\nfail2ban-client status\n# Jail list: 3x-ipl<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u670d\u52a1\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46 <strong>sshd jail \u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u6839\u56e0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CentOS 7 \u7684 fail2ban 0.11.x \u6709\u4e2a\u5751\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>jail.conf<\/code> \u91cc <code>[sshd]<\/code> \u9ed8\u8ba4 <code>enabled = false<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u67d0\u4e9b\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u6253\u5305\u4e0b\uff0c<strong>\u5199\u5728 <code>jail.local<\/code> \u7684 <code>[sshd]<\/code> \u6bb5\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u8fdb\u6700\u7ec8 jail \u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u540c\u65f6\u4f60 <code>backend=systemd<\/code> \u53c8\u5199\u4e86 <code>logpath=\/var\/log\/secure<\/code>\uff08\u4e0a\u4e00\u7248\u9057\u7559\uff09\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u4e92\u65a5\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8ba9 jail \u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25\u88ab\u8df3\u8fc7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\uff1afail2ban \u53ea\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86\u81ea\u5e26\u542f\u7528\u7684 <code>3x-ipl<\/code>\uff0csshd \u88ab\u9759\u9ed8\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u5199\u6cd5\uff08\u4e24\u5904\u5173\u952e\u4fee\u6539\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\uff09<code>jail.local<\/code> \u53ea\u653e DEFAULT\uff0c\u4e0d\u653e <code>[sshd]<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;DEFAULT]\nbantime           = 1h\nbantime.increment = true\nbantime.factor    = 2\nbantime.maxtime   = 1w\nfindtime          = 10m\nmaxretry          = 3\nbackend           = systemd\nignoreip          = 127.0.0.1\/8 ::1 \u4f60\u7684\u7ba1\u7406IP<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\uff09\u5355\u72ec\u5efa <code>\/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.d\/sshd.local<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;sshd]\nenabled  = true\nport     = 57022\nbackend  = systemd\nmaxretry = 1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5173\u952e\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>backend=systemd<\/code> \u65f6<strong>\u4e0d\u8981\u5199 logpath<\/strong>\uff0cjournal \u5339\u914d\u7531 filter \u7684 <code>journalmatch<\/code> \u51b3\u5b9a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7528 <code>jail.d\/*.local<\/code> \u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u6bd4\u6324\u5728 <code>jail.local<\/code> \u91cc\u7a33<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\uff09\u91cd\u8f7d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>fail2ban-client -t          # \u5148\u8bed\u6cd5\u6821\u9a8c\nsystemctl restart fail2ban\nfail2ban-client status\n# \u5e94\u770b\u5230 Jail list: sshd\nfail2ban-client status sshd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u987a\u624b\u628a\u300c\u8d8a\u5c61\u6559\u4e0d\u6539\u5c01\u8d8a\u4e45\u300d\u8bb2\u6e05\u695a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9012\u589e\u5c01\u7981\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5426\u5219 <code>bantime=1h<\/code> \u6c38\u8fdc 1 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>bantime.increment = true\nbantime.factor    = 2\nbantime.maxtime   = 1w<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6548\u679c\uff08\u540c IP \u53cd\u590d\u89e6\u53d1\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u7b2c N \u6b21\u88ab\u5c01<\/th><th>\u5b9e\u9645\u5c01\u7981<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>1h<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2<\/td><td>2h<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3<\/td><td>4h<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u2026<\/td><td>\u4e0a\u9650 1w<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u26a0\ufe0f <code>maxretry=1<\/code> \u80fd\u7528\u4f46<strong>\u6781\u5bb9\u6613\u8bef\u4f24\u81ea\u5df1<\/strong>\uff08\u624b\u6296\u4e00\u6b21\u5c31\u5c01\uff09\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u5efa\u8bae <code>maxretry=2<\/code> \u8d77\u6b65\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1 IP \u4e00\u5b9a\u8fdb <code>ignoreip<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u94fe\u8def\uff08\u522b\u53ea\u770b systemctl active\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># 1 \u914d\u7f6e\u8bed\u6cd5\nfail2ban-client -t\n\n# 2 jail \u771f\u52a0\u8f7d\u6ca1\nfail2ban-client status | grep sshd\n\n# 3 backend \u662f\u4e0d\u662f systemd\nfail2ban-client get sshd backend\n\n# 4 journal \u91cc\u6709\u6ca1\u6709 sshd \u5931\u8d25\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u6570\u636e\u6e90\uff09\njournalctl -u sshd -f | grep -i failed\n\n# 5 \u5b9e\u65f6\u770b\u5c01\u7981\u52a8\u4f5c\njournalctl -u fail2ban -f\n\n# 6 \u624b\u52a8\u89e3\u5c01\u81ea\u5df1\nfail2ban-client set sshd unbanip x.x.x.x<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c <code>journalctl -u sshd<\/code> \u662f\u7a7a\uff0c\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemctl status sshd || systemctl status ssh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">unit \u53eb <code>ssh<\/code> \u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5728 <code>sshd.local<\/code> \u91cc\u8865\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>journalmatch = _SYSTEMD_UNIT=ssh.service<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001CentOS 7 \u989d\u5916\u5751\uff1aSELinux<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8001 CentOS 7 \u4e0a fail2ban \u8bfb journal \/ \u8c03 firewall-cmd \u53ef\u80fd\u88ab SELinux \u62e6\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a jail \u8d77\u6765\u4f46<strong>\u6c38\u8fdc 0 \u547d\u4e2d<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>grep fail2ban-server \/var\/log\/audit\/audit.log | audit2allow -M mypol\nsemodule -i mypol.pp\nsystemctl restart fail2ban<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e03\u3001\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u6284\u7684\u843d\u5730\u7248<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mkdir -p \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.d\n\ncat > \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.local &lt;&lt;'EOF'\n&#91;DEFAULT]\nbantime           = 1h\nbantime.increment = true\nbantime.factor    = 2\nbantime.maxtime   = 1w\nfindtime          = 10m\nmaxretry          = 3\nbackend           = systemd\nignoreip          = 127.0.0.1\/8 ::1 \u4f60\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4IP\nEOF\n\n  \ncat > \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.d\/sshd.local &lt;&lt;'EOF'\n&#91;sshd]\nenabled  = true\nport     = 57022\nbackend  = systemd\nmaxretry = 1\nEOF<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>jail 'sshd' does not exist<\/code> \u2260 \u914d\u7f6e\u5199\u9519\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f <strong>jail \u6ca1\u8fdb\u52a0\u8f7d\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CentOS 7 + fail2ban 0.11\uff1a<strong><code>[sshd]<\/code> \u653e <code>jail.d\/sshd.local<\/code> \u6bd4\u585e <code>jail.local<\/code> \u7a33<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>systemd<\/code> backend \u548c <code>logpath<\/code> \u4e8c\u9009\u4e00\uff0c\u522b\u6df7\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9012\u589e\u5c01\u7981\u7f3a <code>increment\/factor\/maxtime<\/code> \u5c31\u662f\u5047\u9012\u589e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u81ea\u5df1 IP \u4e0d\u8fdb <code>ignoreip<\/code>\uff0c\u8fdf\u65e9\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u5173\u95e8\u5916<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u73af\u5883\uff1aCentOS 7 + fail2ban 0.11.2\uff08EPEL\uff09+ SSH \u6539\u5230 57022 \u7aef\u53e3 +  &#8230; <a title=\"CentOS 7 \u4e0a fail2ban \u9632\u62a4 SSH\uff1a\u4ece\u300cjail \u4e0d\u52a0\u8f7d\u300d\u5230\u300c\u9012\u589e\u5c01\u7981\u300d\u5b8c\u6574\u590d\u76d8\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/?p=3154\" aria-label=\"\u9605\u8bfb CentOS 7 \u4e0a fail2ban \u9632\u62a4 SSH\uff1a\u4ece\u300cjail \u4e0d\u52a0\u8f7d\u300d\u5230\u300c\u9012\u589e\u5c01\u7981\u300d\u5b8c\u6574\u590d\u76d8\">\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-airy-tech"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3154"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3160,"href":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3154\/revisions\/3160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.airy.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}